Eigen Spectrum of k− Uniform Loose Cyclic Hypergraphs
Santhosh Kumar N. *
Department of Mathematics, Farook College (Autonomous), University of Calicut, 673632, Kerala, India and Department of Mathematics, CKGM Govt College, Perambra, 673525, Kerala, India.
Suma P.
Department of Mathematics, PTM Govt. College, Perinthalmanna, Malappuram, 679322, Kerala, India.
Sujisha Manattukundayil
Department of Mathematics, Govt College, Mokeri, 673507, Kerala, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Hypergraphs extend ordinary graphs by allowing a hyperedge to connect more than two vertices. A hypergraph is k -uniform when each hyperedge contains exactly k vertices, and it is loose cyclic when the hyperedges are arranged cyclically so that consecutive hyperedges share exactly one vertex while non-consecutive hyperedges are disjoint. This study examines the possible k-uniform loose cyclic hypergraphs in relation to the number of vertices and develops a computational procedure for determining their spectral properties. For a loose cyclic hypergraph H = (V, E) with n vertices and m hyperedges, the relation n = m (k-1) is used to describe admissible configurations. An adjacency matrix is formed by assigning each off-diagonal entry according to the number of hyperedges containing the corresponding pair of vertices. A Python-based procedure is then used to construct the adjacency matrix for admissible parameter choices and to compute its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The method is illustrated using a 4-uniform loose cyclic hypergraph on 15 vertices with five hyperedges. The resulting 15 × 15 adjacency matrix and its eigenvalues demonstrate the computational implementation of the procedure. The study provides a systematic matrix-based approach for obtaining the eigen spectrum of uniform loose cyclic hypergraphs when closed-form expressions are difficult to derive, while retaining the structural conditions that define the loose cyclic arrangement.
Keywords: Loose cyclic hypergraphs, adjacency matrix, eigen spectrum