A Multi-Antenna Design Scheme based on Hadamard Matrices for Wireless Communications
K. O. O. Anoh *
Mobile and Satellite Communications Research Centre, University of Bradford, UK.
M. C. Chukwu
Centre for Satellite Technology Development, NASRDA, Abuja- Nigeria.
Y. A. S. Dama
An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
R. A. Abd-Alhameed
Mobile and Satellite Communications Research Centre, University of Bradford, UK.
O. Ochonogor
Dept of Electronics Engineering, University of Westminster, London, UK.
S. M. R. Jones
Mobile and Satellite Communications Research Centre, University of Bradford, UK.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A quasi-orthogonal space time block coding (QO-STBC) scheme that exploits Hadamard matrix properties is studied and evaluated. At first, an analytical solution is derived as an extension of some earlier proposed QO-STBC scheme based on Hadamard matrices, called diagonalized Hadamard space-time block coding (DHSBTC). It explores the ability of Hadamard matrices that can translate into amplitude gains for a multi-antenna system, such as the QO-STBC system, to eliminate some off-diagonal (interference) terms that limit the system performance towards full diversity. This property is used in diagonalizing the decoding matrix of the QO-STBC system without such interfering elements. Results obtained quite agree with the analytical solution and also reflect the full diversity advantage of the proposed QO-STBC system design scheme. Secondly, the study is extended over an interference-free QO-STBC multi-antenna scheme, which does not include the interfering terms in the decoding matrix. Then, following the Hadamard matrix property advantages, the gain obtained (for example, in 4x1 QO-STBC scheme) in this study showed 4-times louder amplitude (gain) than the interference-free QO-STBC and much louder than earlier DHSTBC for which the new approach is compared with.
Keywords: QO-STBC, STBC, Hadamard matrix, null interference, full diversity, multiple antennas